What are infectious diseases?Infectious diseases are disorders caused by pathogenic microorganisms that can be transmitted from person to person, animal to person, or from the environment to a person.These pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths, also known as worms.Each pathogen has specific mechanisms of infection and replication within host cells.For example, viruses like SARS-CoV-2 hijack host cell machinery to replicate.While bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus can produce toxins that damage tissues.Understanding the nature of these pathogens is fundamental to comprehending how infectious diseases spread and how they can be controlled through various public health measures and medical interventions.
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