- Chemical signals produced by 1 or more cells that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body.
- It raises blood glucose levels and also stimulates the breakdown of fats and proteins for energy.
- The Master endocrine gland, it produces tropic hormones that controls the actions of other endocrine glands.
- increased pulse, increases blood pressure, increases blood flow to muscles, makes the air passages open wider, releases extra glucose to the bloodstream, gives a sudden burst of energy and prepares the body for intense physical activity.
- A hormone that controls the amount of glucose in your bloodstream.
- messengers that provide the body with info that is necessary to function properly
- non-polar lipids that can cross the cell membrane into the organelles of target cells.
- brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells and brings wastes and CO2 away from the cell. they also carry chemical messengers.
- Leaky valve; blood will go back into the wrong direction which causes an inefficient pump
- They carry blood back to the heart from the capillaries.
- to help them withstand the intense pressure produced when the heart contracts.
- the mixing of oxygen rich blood and oxygen poor blood
- bring nutrients and oxygen to the tissues while absorbing CO2 and other wastes.
- Between the atria and ventricles, and the exit of the left and right ventricles
- large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body.
- sickle cell, iron deficiency, hypovolemic anemia
- blood absorbs/ release heat. blood maintains a constant PH.
- Composed by the anterior talofibular ligament, posterior talofibular ligament, and calcaneofibular ligament
- Composed by the anterior tibiotalar ligament, tibiocalcaneal ligament, posterior tibiotalar ligament, and tibionavicular ligament
- The subtalar joint is an articulation between two of the tarsal bones in the foot – the talus and calcaneus