- Pepsin is an enzyme that breaks down protein but will not act on starch. This fact is an indication that enzymes are _____. - catalytic - hydrolytic - specific - temperature sensitive
- Biological catalysts __________. - are organic substances that lower the activation energy required to initiate a reaction that would normally take place at a slower rate - are broken down and destroyed as part of the chemical process they help initiate - are seldom regulated by the molecules that participate in the catalyzed reactions - can speed up any reaction, even those that would not occur naturally
- Activation energy __________. - is required for endergonic reactions - is produced by exergonic reactions - is required for all chemical reactions - is produced by endergonic reactions
- In a chemical reaction, the _____ are the atoms or molecules that enter into the reaction. The _____ are the chemicals or atoms produced by the reaction. - products, reactants - reactants, products - receptors, products - catalysts, reactants
- ATP is well suited to its role as an energy-carrier molecule in cells because __________. - the covalent bond between the last two phosphates can be broken to release substantial amounts of energy - it contains covalent bonds - it is small and can fit into a lot of places in the cell - the sugar portion of the molecule can be used as an energy source
- The laws of thermodynamics define the properties and behavior of energy. The first law states that energy __________.- cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form into another - can be created by thermonuclear explosions - equals mass times the speed of light, squared (that is, E = mc2) - is the basic structure of the universe
- Enzyme regulation can be precisely controlled through a variety of mechanisms such as __________. - production of an inactive form of an enzyme that will become activated only when needed - using a coenzyme that is necessary for function - binding of a competitive inhibitor to the active site - activation of an inactive enzyme, use of a coenzyme, allosteric regulation, and competitive inhibition of the enzyme.
- In endergonic reactions, __________. - the reactants have more potential energy than the products - energy is released - a net input of energy is not required - the products have more potential energy than the reactants.
- Which of the following does not illustrate kinetic energy? - a car moving at 55 mph - a 100-watt light bulb, turned on - a 9-volt battery - a water droplet going down a waterfall - the electrical current used to perk coffee
- Does NADH or FADH2 enter at higher energy
- How many NAHD are produced my glycolysis?
- How much energy is captured within ATP and released as heat
- What molecule stays in the citric acid cycle
- How many ATP are invested in glycolysis?
- What molecule enters the citric acid cycle?
- Where do NADH and FADH2 enter the electron transport chain?
- Does a plant or animal cell have a cell wall?
- How many ATP are produced in the citric acid Cycle?
- area synthesizes the RNA into its three types
- bundles of protein fibers that give shape and structure to the cell