- a key factor in determining an action is ethical is how it affects others' rights
- an approach to ethical reasoning in which an action is evaluated in terms of its consequences for those whom it will affect-good action=result sin the greatest good for the greatest number of people
- the principle that human beings have certain fundamental irights
- a decision-making technique that involves weighting the cost of a given action against the benefits of the action
- an agreement that grants the owner the option to buy a given number of shares of stock, usually within a set time period*at a set price
- If different cultures have different moral standards, then Ethical Relativism is true.
- If ethical relativism is true, then there is no right and wrong.
- "Everyone seeks happiness" is descriptive.
- Ethical relativism is prescriptive
- "No one seeks happiness" is descriptive.
- If ethical relativism is true, a moral reformer who challenges a culture's morals should be praised for advancing the culture morally
- Different cultures have different moral standards is
- "We ought never to seek happiness" is descriptive.
- A sentient being is, by definition, a being that is capable of reason.
- Speciesism is not merely a prejudice or bias in favor of one's own species as though preferring human company to an evening with lab rats makes one a speciesist. Speciesism is a prejudice or bias in favor of human interests, the belief that human pains and pleasures are more important than nonhuman interests merely in virtue of being human pains and pleasures.
- If we apply the principle of equality to animals, then we have an obligation to buy the family dog new socks just as we have an obligation to buy the family children new socks.
- The principle of equality requires that if a man has a right to something, a woman has exactly the same right. So, if men have a right to prostate exams, women have a right to prostate exams.
- If a human being lacks the higher capacities, its life has less value than a human being with those capacities, according to Peter Singer.
- According to Singer, the principle of equality requires equal treatment.