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History of Europe
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- Books were cheaper so more people could have them. This led to an increase of education
- Medieval artists had used religious subjects to convey a spiritual ideal. Renaissance artists often portrayed religious subjects but they used a realistic style.
- three estates = first, nobility; second, burghers (shop keepers, merchants); third, poor workers
- 1. Realism and Expression2. Perspective3. Classicism4. Individualism5. Light and Shadow6. Complex Arrangements7. Naturalism
- The main way the works of Northern European Renaissance artists differed from those of Italian artists was in
- The development of printing using moveable type enabled people to
- Most of the warriors who first joined the Crusades came from
- Convents provided a freedom and support that was unusual for the time for women who
- Pope Urban II saw the Byzantine emperor's request for help fighting the Seljuk Turks as a chance to
- believed that people in their natural state were basically good; "The social contract"
- worked for years to produce a 28 volume set of books called the Encyclopedia
- also known as Francois Marie Arouet; most famous of the philosophes; "My trade is to say what I think.";freedom of speech
- n. love of, or the search for, wisdom or knowledge
- a policy that allowed business to operate with little or no government interference
- a Scottish economist that argued that the free market should be allowed to regulate business activity; "The Wealth of Nations"
- -influential thinker that studied the government of Europe from Italy to England-believed in three branches of government-"The Spirit of the Laws"
- right that belonged to all humans from birth
- -17th century thinker -wrote "Leviathan" -said that humans are cruel-said that absolute monarchy is the best
- -17th century thinker-said that people are basically resonable and moral-"Two Treaties of Government"
- an agreement by which they gave up some of their freedom for an organized society