- CD8+ or CD4+ T cells recognizes a complex of <?> and either <?> or <?>
- T cell receptors recognize a complex of antigenic <?> and MHC
- ssRNA of coronavirus stimulates <?> in endosomes of innate immune cells.
- Central tolerance such as deletion of autoreactive T cells occurs in thymus, and peripheral tolerance such as <?> and <?> occurs in peripherals
- Complements have an <?> activity that promotes phagocytes to take bacteria
- T cells are activated and proliferated by 3 signals; <?>, <?>, and <?>
- Dendritic cells with <?> ability are professional antigen presenting cells capable of activating naive T cells.
- LPS from gram negative bacteria stimulates <?> on cell surface of DCs
- NK cells kill <?> negative cells such as viral infected cells and cancer cells
- vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and endothelial activation
- cytokines are ____ responsible for most of the biological effects in the immune system, such as cell mediated immunity and allergic type responses
- how many types of hypersensitivity rxns are there?
- plasma proteins are all produced in the
- Monitoring of the expression profiles of different ____ has permitted the identification, isolation, and phenotyping of cell types according to their function in various immune processes
- cytokines can divide into two groups those that are proinflammatory and those that are essentially anti-inflammatory but that promote _______
- increased vascular permeability, chemotaxis, leukocyte adhesion and activation
- leukocyte chemotaxis, proliferation and maturation of leukocytes, and may enhance or suppress inflammation
- Cytotoxic cells secrete also what around the target cells ?
- What is genetic recombination performed by ?
- Antigen-presenting cells, after processing antigens, create which complex ?