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Organic Chemistry
Explore questions in the Organic Chemistry category that you can ask Spark.E!
- release of the ring strain of an epoxide makes the opening of an epoxide more...
- how many steps do base-catalyzed epoxide ring opening have?
- what are common nucleophiles that open the epoxide ring
- the pKa of phenols is considerably lower (more acidic) than what?
- what with H2O and ROH in the presence of acid open an epoxide ring
- what type of organometallic reagents attack epoxide rings to form alcohols?
- ether cleavage with HBr step 1 of the reaction what is it?
- ether cleavage with HBr step 2 what is it?
- an alkoxide salt is needed to make an ether and can be prepared by from alcohols by what?
- Complexation by crown ethers often allows polar inorganic salts to dissolve
- ethers can be cleaved by heating with what?
- what alkali metals are used directly as bases to form alkoxide anions
- cyclic acetal, the reaction is reversible, used in synthesis to protect carbonyls from unwanted reaction
- an oxygen atom, derived from a peroxyacid, is inserted between a carbonyl group and neighboring group
- We can use an acetal to selectively protect an aldehyde/ketone from reacting in the presence of other electrophiles
- nitrogen nucleophile strong (N less electronegative), attacks the carbonyl carbon without activation
- under acidic conditions with weak nucleophile, ketone protonated, peroxyacid attacks ketone oxygen, charged tetrahedral intermediate is deprotonated by A-, rearrangement of R group, proton transfer
- around 4.5, too acidic and the amine will all be protonated (non-nucleophilic), too basic and the carbinolamine won't be protonated
- carbonnyl group + H2N--Z gives the carbon double bonded to the N-Z and water
- unstabilized (no resonance) reactants produces cis (Z) product favored (kinetic), stabilized forms trans, E product favored (thermodynamic)