- Do you need depressive episodes to be diagnosed with bipolar 1?
- Rapid development of memory loss, executive dysfunction, and behavioral change following a stroke is suggestive of what?
- Median age of onset: 16 yo-Rare for onset after 25Frequent in women, lower edu, never married / lives w/ parents
- May occur in childhood but peaks in adolescence and early adulthood~75% have panic disorderHigh risk of developing MDD and / or substance use disorder
- What are common triggers for conversion disorder?
- AgoraphobiaFear/anxiety about ≥2/5 for ≥ 6 mo:-Using public transportation-Being in open spaces-Being in enclosed places-Being outside of the home alone-Standing in line or being in a crowd
- Sudden onset of neurological symptoms with examination findings that are not consistent with the pathophysiology of known neurological disease is called what?
- Often remit spontaneouslyBut if persists into adulthood, unlikely to remit
- AkathesiaSerotonin syndromeSSRI Discontinuation syndrome
- Thoughts/BeliefsAvoidance and escape responses-Maintains the fear and dysfunctional thinking patterns
- 4/13 s/s of:PalpitationsSweatingTrembling/shakingSOBFeeling of chokingCP / discomfortNausea or abd distressDizziness, unsteady, or lightheadednessChills / heat sensationsParesthesiasDerealization / depersonalizationFear of losing control / going crazyFear of dying
- Age of onset: 20-30, often 20-24 yo-Rare in kids and after 40 yo78% of initial attacks have no triggerCan have episodic outbreaks w/ years of remission / continuous symptoms
- Panic attack + ≥1 mo of one or both of:-Persistent concern / worry about having additional panic attacks or their consequences-Maladaptive changes in behavior r/t attacksTx: Breathing retraining
- Fear/anxiety about ≥2/5 for ≥ 6 mo:-Using public transportation-Being in open spaces-Being in enclosed places-Being outside of the home alone-Standing in line or being in a crowd
- First line/maintenance therapies for panic disorder
- What is this describing: early, insidious short term memory loss, language deficits and spatial disorientation, later personality changes
- Excessive anxiety and worry for at least 6 moAssociated w/ 3/6 sx-Restlessness/keyed up/on edge-Easily fatigued-Difficulty concentrating or mind going blank-Irritability-Muscle tension-Sleep disturbance
- Organic-CVD-Respiratory: Asthma/COPD-Endocrine: Pheo, carcinoid, hyperglycemia, hyperthyroid-Drug intoxication/withdrawal-Neurological disorders: temporal lobe epilepsy, CVA, trauma, infection
- Which personality disorder is this: suspicious, distrustful, hypervigilant
- Antidepressants: SSRIs, SNRIs, TCA, MAOIAnti-epileptic: Gabapentin, pregabalinAntihistamines: hydroxyzineBeta blockersBuspironeClonidineBZD: SHORT TERM