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- An Islamic empire established in West Africa in the 1400s(following the decline of the Mali Empire) and lasting untilthe 1600s.- The emperors of this empire , in large measure to legitimize their authority, encouraged the building of mosques and schools to promote Islam to the citizens of the empire.- The capital city, Gao, was commercially successful. Following a campaign of expansion led by Sunni Ali, the empire reached its height and included the city of Timbuktu.- Much like the West African kingdoms that preceded it, the kingdom of Songhai controlled the trans-Saharan trade routes, which allowed for the exchange of gold and salt.- In the late 1500s, the Moroccan army, armed with guns, attacked and seized the unarmed this Empire.

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