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example 5.6 our number system consists of the digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9. because we don't write numbers such as 12 as 012, the first significant digit in any number was be 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9. we may think that each digit appears with equal frequency so that each digit has a 1/9 probability of being the first significant digit, but this is not true. in 1881, Simon Newcomb discovered that digits do not occur with equal frequency. the physicist frank benford discovered the same result in 1938. after studying lots and lots of data, he assigned probabilities of occurrence for each of the first digits, as shown in the table below. the probability is know as benfords law and plays a major role in identifying fraudulent data on tax returns and accounting books.a.verify that benfords law is a probability modelb. use benfords law to determine the probability that a randomly selected first digit is 1 or 2c. use benfords law to determine the probability that a randomly select first digit is at least 6
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