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was coined by historian Sally J. Fairfax to describe the policies of the Soviet Union towards its non-Russian minority populations. The Soviet Union aimed to promote the interests of its various national groups through affirmative action policies, including the promotion of national languages, cultural practices, and the elevation of non-Russian leaders to prominent positions. The significance of this policy lies in the way it shaped the Soviet Union's ethnic policies and its relationships with its minority groups. The policy was particularly significant in the post-World War II era, when many of the Soviet Union's minority groups were seeking greater autonomy.

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